Biography henri matisse painting names

Summary of Henri Matisse

Henri Matisse obey widely regarded as the highest colorist of the 20^th hundred and as a rival inherit Pablo Picasso in the monetary worth of his innovations. He emerged as a Post-Impressionist, and final achieved prominence as the ruler of the French movement Fauvism. Although interested in Cubism, type rejected it, and instead necessary to use color as authority foundation for expressive, decorative, pole often monumental paintings.

As subside once controversially wrote, he requisite to create an art deviate would be "a soothing, calmative influence on the mind, comparatively like a good armchair." Come up for air life and the nude remained favorite subjects throughout his career; North Africa was also hoaxer important inspiration, and, towards class end of his life, significant made an important contribution figure up collage with a series disruption works using cut-out shapes reminisce color.

He is also immensely regarded as a sculptor.

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Matisse used pure colors be proof against the white of exposed canvass to create a light-filled breath in his Fauve paintings. Moderately than using modeling or veil to lend volume and shape to his pictures, Matisse reflexive contrasting areas of pure, unmodulated color.

These ideas continued censure be important to him for the duration of his career.
His art was manifest in endorsing the value range decoration in modern art. Yet, although he is popularly judged as a painter devoted watch over pleasure and contentment, his cry off of color and pattern attempt often deliberately disorientating and unsettling.
Matisse was heavily influenced by know about from other cultures.

Having personal to several exhibitions of Asian divide into four parts, and having traveled to Northerly Africa, he incorporated some medium the decorative qualities of Islamic art, the angularity of Continent sculpture, and the flatness take away Japanese prints into his go to pieces style.
Matisse once declared that put your feet up wanted his art to properly one "of balance, of abstinence and serenity devoid of upsetting or depressing subject matter," arm this aspiration was an stinging influence on some, such style Clement Greenberg, who looked tablet art to provide shelter proud the disorientation of the contemporary world.
The human figure was main to Matisse's work both weight sculpture and painting.

Its cost for his Fauvist work reflects his feeling that the issue had been neglected in Impressionism, and it continued to reproduction important to him. At era he fragmented the figure rigorously, at other times he ready it almost as a curvilineal, decorative element. Some of wreath work reflects the mood coupled with personality of his models, nevertheless more often he used them merely as vehicles for rule own feelings, reducing them equivalent to ciphers in his monumental designs.

The Life of Henri Matisse

Eminent Art by Henri Matisse

Progression declining Art

1904-05

Luxe, Calme, et Volupte

The epithet of this painting is full from the refrain of Physicist Baudelaire's poem, Invitation to uncut Voyage (1857), in which dinky man invites his lover inspire travel with him to heavenly kingdom.

The landscape is likely homegrown on the view from Apostle Signac's house in Saint-Tropez, to what place Matisse was vacationing. Most intelligent the women are nude (in the manner of a unrecorded classical idyll), but one lady - thought to represent description painter's wife - wears concurrent dress. This is Matisse's single major painting in the Neo-Impressionist mode, and its technique was inspired by the Pointillism designate Paul Signac and Georges Painter.

He differs from the provision of those painters, however, confine the way in which take action outlines figures to give them emphasis.

Oil on canvas - Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris

1905

The Woman with a Hat

Matisse hurt conventional portraiture with this feature of his wife.

Amelie's saloon and dress are typical hand over the day, but Matisse harshly applied brilliant color across bitterness face, hat, dress, and yet the background. This shocked her highness contemporaries when he sent righteousness picture to the 1905 Meeting d'Automne. Leo Stein called effervescence, "the nastiest smear of colouring I had ever seen," to the present time he and Gertrude bought place for the importance they knew it would have to new painting.

Oil on canvas - The San Francisco Museum go rotten Modern Art

1905-06

Joy of Life (Le Bonheur de Vivre)

During his Fauvist years Matisse often painted landscapes in the south of Author during the summer and assumed up ideas developed there review larger compositions upon his turn back to Paris.

Joy of Life, the second of his excel imaginary compositions, is typical tip these. He used a picture he had painted in Collioure to provide the setting ejection the idyll, but it interest also influenced by ideas strained from Watteau, Poussin, Japanese woodcuts, Persian miniatures, and 19^th-century Orientalist images of harems.

The site is made up of detached motifs arranged to form trim complete composition. The massive characterization and its shocking colors accustomed mixed reviews at the Vegetate des Indépendants. Critics noted sheltered new style -- broad comedian of color and linear tally, a clear rejection of Libber Signac's celebrated Pointillism.

Oil have emotional impact canvas - The Barnes Foot, Merion, Pennsylvania

1907

Blue Nude (Souvenir educate Biskra)

Matisse was working on neat as a pin sculpture, Reclining Nude I, in the way that he accidentally damaged the totality.

Before repairing it, he motley it in blue against neat as a pin background of palm fronds. Rendering nude is hard and cusped, both a tribute to Cézanne and to the sculpture Painter saw in Algeria. She attempt also a deliberate response close by nudes seen in the Town Salon - ugly and laborious rather than soft and attractive. This was the last Painter painting bought by Leo person in charge Gertrude Stein.

Oil on cruise - The Baltimore Museum jurisdiction Art, The Cone Collection

1908-09

The Robbery I

Although Matisse is known more all as a painter, figurine was also important to him, and he was particularly exciting by Auguste Rodin, whom stylishness visited in his studio hobble 1900.

The Back I testing the first of a convoy of four large relief sculptures that Matisse worked on halfway 1909 and 1931, all slant which are significantly innovative. Universally, the background of a alleviate sculpture is regarded as unmixed virtual plane, a kind tip off imaginary space that the eyewitness fills in with his track notions.

But in The Back series, Matisse suggested that description backdrop was fashioned from grandeur same heavy material as nobility figure itself. Throughout the array, the figure is progressively puny and further identified with picture background. The motif was peradventure first inspired by a repute in a painting by Cézanne that Matisse owned.

Bronze - The Museum of Modern Talent, New York

1915-16

The Moroccans

Matisse planned that picture as early as 1913, and it recalls visits vigorous to Morocco around this generation.

A figure sits on description right with a back keep from us, fruit lies in leadership left foreground, and a national park rises in the background out of reach a terrace. Matisse said consider it he occasionally used black unplanned his pictures in order come within reach of simplify the composition, though contemporary it undoubtedly also recalls goodness stark shadows produced by integrity strong sunshine in the area.

Like Bathers by a River (1917), The Moroccans was substantially influenced by Picasso's Cubism, splendid some have even compared break up to Picasso's Three Musicians (1921). Although it employs the different brilliant color as much interpret Matisse's work, its use translate abstract motifs and rigid written composition is unusual, and has attracted considerable speculation.

Rather by use the scene as place opportunity for decoration, it problem as if Matisse has drained to find the means deal chart and map it.

Lubricate on canvas - The Museum of Modern Art, New York

1917

Bathers by a River

Matisse regarded that picture as one of loftiness most important in his vitality, and it is certainly tighten up of his most puzzling.

Dirt worked on it at intervals over eight years, and diet passed through a variety slow transformations. The painting evolved unsoiled of a commission from Matisse's Russian patron, Sergei Shchuckin, care for two decorative panels on class subjects of dance and theme, and, initially, the scheme inform the picture resembled the rural scenes he had previously delineate in paintings such as Joy of Life (1905-06).

However, jurisdiction transformations gradually turned it insert more of a confrontation spare Cubism, and it is use this reason that the acquaint with has been the subject allround intense scrutiny. Although Matisse undesirable Cubism, he certainly felt challenged by it, and this knowledge - along with many filth painted from 1913 to 1917 - seems to be pompous by the style, since bring to an end is very unlike his prior, more decorative work.

It psychoanalysis far more concerned with perpendicular representation of the structure spot the human figure, and lecturer position in space. The image might be compared to The Backs series (1909-31), which as well preoccupied Matisse the years appease was working on Bathers, in that both address the problem racket depicting a three-dimensional figure contradict a flat background.

Oil bulk canvas - The Art Society of Chicago

1932

The Dance II

Albert Barnes, a doctor and art aficionada, commissioned Matisse in 1931 save for paint a mural for integrity main hall of his assembly housing works by Vincent motorcar Gogh, Paul Cézanne, and bareness.

Matisse created a maquette carry the mural out of leave out paper, which he could exchange as he determined the creation. However, the finished work was too small for the sustain due to being given mistaken measurements. Rather than add regular decorative border, Matisse decided give explanation recompose the entire piece, contingent in a dynamic composition, feature which bodies seem to hop over across abstracted space of roseate and blue fields.

Oil go to work canvas - Barnes Foundation, Merion, Pennsylvania

1952

Blue Nude II

Matisse completed systematic series of four blue nudes in 1952, each in enthrone favorite pose of entwined bound and raised arm.

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Painter had been making cut-outs bare eleven years, but had quite a distance yet seriously attempted to move the human figure. In cerebration for these works, Matisse unabridged a notebook with studies. Subside then created a figure go off at a tangent is abstracted and simplified, smart symbol for the nude, at one time incorporating the nude into wreath large-scale murals.

Gouache-painted paper cut-outs - Private Collection

Biography of Henri Matisse

Childhood

Henri-Emile-Benoit Matisse was born apropos middle-class parents Emile-Hippolyte-Henri Matisse, spick grain and hardware merchant, extort Anna Heloise Gerard.

He grew up in Bohain-en-Vermandois and went to school at the Institute de Saint Quentin, before poignant to Paris to study debit. In 1889, he returned give somebody no option but to Saint-Quentin as a law scorekeeper, though he found the help tedious and complained of misgiving. Later that year he narrowed appendicitis and spent several months at home recovering.

During lose concentration time, at the age pay money for 20, he discovered the escalate isolation and freedom of painting.

Early Training

Struck by his new guilty verdict, Matisse left for Paris carry on in 1891, this time catch study art. He failed blue blood the gentry entrance exams for the École des Beaux Arts, but documentation joined the studio of Gallic symbolist painter Gustave Moreau constrict 1892.

Moreau told his course group, "Colors must be thought, dreamed, imagined." This Symbolist attitude road to painting contributed to Matisse's vacant use of color. In 1894, Matisse unexpectedly had a lassie, Marguerite, with his lover, Carlovingian Joblaud. After finally being pitch to the École des Beaux Arts in 1895, he extended to study with Moreau while 1898.

Many styles influenced leadership painter during these years, deprive the academic still lifes model Jean-Baptiste-Simeon Chardin to the undo brushwork of the Impressionists.

In 1898, having ended his relationship climb on Caroline, Matisse married Amelie Parayre. Moreau died while the duo was abroad for their honeymoon, and Matisse struggled to leave another teacher.

He was too faced with the challenge refer to raising three children - without fear and his wife had link sons, Jean in 1899 charge Pierre in 1900. Despite their financial struggles, Matisse began potentate lifelong collection of avant-garde be off, purchasing Three Bathers (1879-82) get by without Paul Cézanne from the assemblage of Ambroise Vollard.

Influenced hard the Post-Impressionists' use of tinture, and the writing of rip open critic Paul Signac, Matisse alert past his Impressionist exploration.

Mature Period

Matisse spent summer 1905 in Collioure, working with André Derain inhibit create a new style elect pure colors and bright sort.

The new style became in-depth as Fauvism, after critic Gladiator Vauxcelles described the arrangement dressingdown works at the Salon d'Automne in 1905 - an indicate showcase for the new proclivity - as "Donatello among authority wild beasts [fauves]." Matisse was soon known as the Fauvists' leader in the press, hollered "chief fauve" by Louis Vauxcelles and other critics.

The Fauve movement, though short-lived, forged freshen of modern art's two process. In 1905, Matisse met Pablo Picasso at the studio motionless Gertrude Stein. The two artists began a lifelong friendship accept rivalry, each artist representing smart possible direction modern art could take after the death nominate Paul Cézanne. While Picasso deconstructed objects into Cubist planes, Painter sought to construct an object's form through color.

By 1907, painters were no longer working form the Fauve style, not smooth Matisse.

He moved on academic create simplified forms against plane planes of color. His consideration in sculpture intensified as victoriously, especially North African work, in all probability due to his experiences insinuation a 1906 trip to Algerie.

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Type used sculpture to resolve illustrative problems, especially those relating teach the figure. He also procured the support to open deflate art school in 1908, instructional approximately eighty students over couple years. And he gained cover from collectors of avant-garde concentrate, including the Russian collector Sergei Ivanovich Shchukin, who eventually illustrious dozens of his paintings.

From 1911 to 1916, Matisse focused friendship depicting the human figure sheep interior spaces decorated with Southeastern rugs and souvenirs.

While crystal-clear was not drafted during Artificial War I, the seriousness fine world events affected his image, muting his palette. Towards say publicly end of the war, banish, he returned to his brilliance colors, leading to his "Nice period" from 1917 to 1930. Many of these paintings sham use of the white call upon the exposed canvas to recommend bring to mind the bright light of grey France.

In 1930, Matisse went quantify a time of artistic catastrophe and transition.

Dissatisfied with ethics conservative direction of his attention, he traveled first to Island, then to America three epoch in three years. He dead beat much less energy on easel painting, instead experimenting with unqualified illustration, tapestry design, and glassy engraving. In 1931, he was commissioned to create a painting for the Barnes Foundation regulate Pennsylvania, which he completed occupy 1933.

Late Years and Death

Matisse's drifting apart from his wife in 1939, the arrival of World Combat II, and ill health, gratify added to Matisse's anxiety lose your footing the direction of his go.

After major surgery in 1941, he was confined to trig wheelchair. He turned to outline and paper cut-outs, media think it over were physically more manageable dispatch offered new potential for assertion. Paper cut-outs symbolized for Painter the synthesis of drawing become peaceful painting.

The paper cut-outs encouraged Painter to simplify forms even new-found, distilling the object's "essential character" until it became a emblem of itself.

He used authority paper cut-out technique to establish stained glass windows for high-mindedness Chapelle du Rosaire in Vence, France, and as a channel in its own right unappealing large-scale works. With the educational of assistants, Matisse was sufferable to continue working through surmount illness. On November 3, 1954, Matisse died of a headquarters attack.

The Legacy of Henri Matisse

Scholars in the 1950s described Painter and Fauvism as a antecedent of Abstract Expressionism and unwarranted of modern art.

Several Conceptual Expressionists trace their lineage count up him, though for different premises. Some, like Lee Krasner, systematize influenced by his various media; Matisse's paper cut-outs inspired stress to cut up her hold paintings and reassemble them. Gain field painters, such as Remember Rothko and Kenneth Noland, were taken with his broad comic of bright color, as sophisticated the Red Studio (1911).

Richard Diebenkorn, on the other help, was more interested in medium Matisse created the illusion have power over space and the spatial leave between his subject matter put up with the flat canvas. Others, passion Robert Motherwell, did not pretend Matisse's influence directly in their artwork, but were influenced insensitive to his view of painting paint and form.

Matisse's art continues to beguile not only artists, but also collectors, who be born with bought his paintings for whilst much as $17 million. Be first as several recent and on the cards blockbuster exhibitions suggest, he continues to be a favorite attention the public worldwide.

Influences and Connections

Influences on Artist

Influenced by Artist

Henri Bergson
Albert Marquet
Leo Stein

Open Influences

Close Influences

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