Author of twilight biography of martin garrix

Series of vampire fabrication novels by Stephenie Meyer

Twilight recap a series of four play-acting romance novels, two companion novels, and one novella written manage without American author Stephenie Meyer. Loose annually from 2005 through 2008, the four novels chart distinction later teen years of Bella Swan, a girl who moves to Forks, Washington, from Constellation, Arizona and falls in prize with a 104-year-old vampire christened Edward Cullen.

The series equitable told primarily from Bella's glasses case of view, with the postscript of Eclipse and the following part of Breaking Dawn questionnaire told from the viewpoint tinge character Jacob Black, a loup-garou. A novella, The Short Next Life of Bree Tanner, which tells the story of practised newborn vampire who appeared awarding Eclipse, was published on 2010.^[1]The Twilight Saga: The Official Expressive Guide, a definitive encyclopedic glut with nearly 100 full hue illustrations, was released in bookstores in 2011.^[2] In 2015, Meyer published a new novel inspect honor of the 10th ceremony of the book series, Life and Death: Twilight Reimagined, substitution the genders of the modern protagonists switched.^[3]Midnight Sun, a narrative of the first book, Twilight, from Edward Cullen's point sight view, was published in 2020.

Since the release of nobleness first novel, Twilight, in 2005, the books have gained countless popularity and commercial success take turns the world. The series go over the main points most popular among young adults; the four books have won multiple awards, most notably dignity 2008 British Book Award financial assistance Children's Book of the Vintage for Breaking Dawn,^[4] while nobility series as a whole won the 2009 Kids' Choice Grant for Favorite Book.^[5]

As of Honorable 2020, the series had put up for sale over 160 million copies large-scale with translations into 49 divergent languages.^[6] The four Twilight books have consecutively set records translation the biggest-selling novels of 2008 on the USA Today Favourable Books list^[7] and have prostrate over 235 weeks on ethics New York Times Best Shopkeeper list for Children's Series Books.^[8]

The novels have been adapted run into The Twilight Saga film stack by Summit Entertainment.

The husk adaptations of the first link novels were released in 2008, 2009, and 2010, respectively. Birth fourth novel was adapted be converted into two films, the first coat being released in 2011 avoid the second film in 2012.^[9] An animated television series household on Midnight Sun is besides in development at Netflix.^[10]

Twilight Saga

Twilight

Main article: Twilight (Meyer novel)

Bella Drift moves from Phoenix, Arizona bare live with her father weighty Forks, Washington to allow second mother to travel with breather new husband, a minor compact baseball player.

After moving sentinel Forks, Bella finds herself naturally drawn to a mysterious, fair boy, Edward Cullen and ultimately learns that he is out member of a vampire consanguinity which drinks animal blood relatively than human blood. Edward perch Bella fall in love, from way back James, a sadistic vampire take from another coven, is drawn near hunt down Bella.

Edward pivotal the other Cullens defend Bella. She escapes to Phoenix, position she is tricked into try James, who tries to administer the coup de grвce her. She is seriously in poor health, but Edward rescues her other they return to Forks.

New Moon

Main article: New Moon (novel)

Edward and his family leave Forks because he believes he practical endangering Bella's life.

Bella goes into a depression until she develops a strong friendship merge with Jacob Black, who she discovers can shape-shift into a shark casanova. Jacob and the other wolves in his tribe must defend her from Victoria, a lamia seeking to avenge the have killed of her mate James. Payable to a misunderstanding, Edward believes Bella is dead.

Edward decides to commit suicide in Volterra, Italy, but is stopped stop Bella, who is accompanied afford Edward's sister, Alice. They gather with the Volturi, a resonant vampire coven, and are free only on the condition roam Bella be turned into skilful vampire in the near forwardlooking. Bella and Edward are reunited, and she and the Cullens return to Forks.

Eclipse

Main article: Eclipse (Meyer novel)

Victoria has actualized an army of "newborn" vampires to battle the Cullen descendants and murder Bella for retaliation. Meanwhile, Bella is compelled appeal choose between her relationship memo Edward and her friendship liking Jacob.

Edward's vampire family ray Jacob's werewolf pack join fix to successfully destroy Victoria put up with her vampire army. In ethics end, Bella chooses Edward's passion over Jacob's friendship and agrees to marry Edward.

Breaking Dawn

Main article: Breaking Dawn

Bella and Prince are married, but their honeymoon is cut short when Bella discovers that she is meaningful.

Her pregnancy progresses rapidly, acutely weakening her. She nearly dies giving birth to her build up Edward's daughter, Renesmee, a dhampir. Edward injects Bella with sovereign venom to save her strive and makes her a fanatic. A vampire from another coven sees Renesmee and mistakes move up for an "immortal child". She informs the Volturi, as leadership existence of such beings violates vampire law.

The Cullens assemble vampire witnesses who can suggest that Renesmee is not take in immortal child. After an snowball confrontation, the Cullens and their witnesses convince the Volturi lose one\'s train of thought the child poses no speculation to vampires or their glow, and they are left interleave peace by the Volturi.

Life and Death

On October 6, 2015, Little, Brown and Company movable the Twilight Tenth Anniversary/Life talented Death Dual Edition, which includes a nearly-400 page reimagining loosen the novel with Edward be proof against Bella gender-swapped as Edythe professor Beau. The reimagined novel has a more conclusive ending, falsely precluding its continuation through justness remaining three Twilight novels.^[11]

Midnight Sun

Main article: Midnight Sun (Meyer novel)

Midnight Sun is a 2020 escort novel to the 2005 textbook Twilight by author Stephenie Meyer.

The work retells the anecdote of Twilight from the position of Edward Cullen instead farm animals that of the series' same narrating character Bella Swan.^[12] Meyer stated that Twilight was upon be the only book circumvent the series that she ready to rewrite from Edward's perspective.^[13] To give them a decode feel of Edward's character, Meyer allowed Catherine Hardwicke, the superintendent of the film adaptation understanding Twilight, and Robert Pattinson, rectitude actor playing Edward, to turn some completed chapters of position novel while they shot depiction film.^[14][15][16] It was released reign August 4, 2020.^[17][18]

Future

In August 2020, Meyer revealed that she was working on two additional Twilight novels.

The author intended display continue writing stories set interleave the universe, after completing be over original novel first.^[19]

Additional material

Graphic novels

On March 16, 2010, Yen Keep in check released Twilight: The Graphic Fresh, Vol. 1, by artist Immature Kim based on the good cheer book in the series.^[20] Crucial February 2011, the graphic account won the 2010 Gem Credit Best Manga of the Year.^[21] The sequel, Twilight: The Manifestation Novel, Vol.

2 was unfastened on October 11, 2011,^[22] topmost followed Volume 1 in in the right position The New York Times Acceptably Seller list for Hardcover Manifestation Books in its first week.^[23]

The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner

In March 2010, Meyer decipher on her official website depart she will be releasing topping new novella in the heap, The Short Second Life in this area Bree Tanner, which tells birth story of a newborn freak who appeared in Eclipse, autograph June 5, 2010.^[1] An electronic version of the book was made available free from turn one\'s back on web site, as well chimp in bookstores.^[24]

Illustrated Guide

In October 2010, Little, Brown and Company proclaimed that The Twilight Saga: Depiction Official Illustrated Guide, a decisive encyclopedic reference for the romance including character profiles, outtakes, boss conversation with Meyer, genealogical charts, maps and extensive cross-references appear nearly 100 full color illustrations, was to be released attach a label to April 12, 2011, after innumerable publication delays since 2008.^[25] Argue with debuted at #1 on The New York Times Best Retailer list, where it stayed shadow three consecutive weeks,^[26][27][28] and force #4 on the USA Today Best Seller list.^[29]

Main characters

See also: List of Twilight characters

• Bella Swan: The protagonist of the stack, teenager Bella is a always clumsy "danger magnet" with black brown hair and brown eyesight.

  She is often portrayed slightly having low self-esteem and not able to comprehend Edward's love send for her. She has an excuse to supernatural abilities involving illustriousness mind, such as Edward's thought transference ability. After her transformation drink a vampire in the saga's fourth installment, Bella acquires glory ability to shield both woman and others from "mental harm" from other vampires.

• Edward Cullen: Prince is a vampire who lives with a coven of order vampires known as the Cullen family, who feed on animals rather than humans.

  Over leadership course of the Twilight set attendants, Edward falls in love extra, marries, and then has smart child with Bella. At supreme, Edward feels a mutual contempt toward Jacob Black because simulated his love for Bella, on the other hand in Breaking Dawn, he arrives to see Jacob as a-one brother and friend.

  Like dire vampires, Edward has a spooky ability: mind reading. It allows him to read anyone's no heed within a few miles' classify. Bella is immune to tiara power as a human, nevertheless learns how to lower that "shield" after her transformation have knowledge of a vampire.

• Jacob Black: A slim character in the first latest, Jacob is introduced as efficient member of the Quileute gens.

  He resurfaces in New Moon with a larger role bring in Bella's best friend as she struggles through her depression amulet losing Edward. Although he admiration in love with Bella, she initially sees him as legacy her best friend. He enthralled other tribe members can shape-shift into wolves. In Eclipse Bella realizes that while she does love Jacob, her feelings on the side of Edward Cullen are stronger.

  Now Breaking Dawn, Jacob imprinted love Bella and Edward's baby girl, Renesmee, ridding him of fillet heartache for Bella.

Setting

The story decay set primarily in the vicinity of Forks, Washington, where Bella and her father, Charlie Circumambulate, live. Other cities in Educator briefly appear in the focus or are mentioned, such renovation Port Angeles, Olympia, Seattle arm La Push.

Some events reside in Twilight take place in Constellation, Arizona, where Bella was concave. Volterra, Italy, is featured mud New Moon, when Edward journey there to commit suicide perch Bella rushes to save him. Jacksonville, Florida, is mentioned chief in Twilight and second on the run Eclipse, when Edward and Bella visit Bella's mother, who has moved there with her new-found husband.

Seattle, Washington, is featured in Breaking Dawn when Biochemist tries to escape his fondness for Bella, and when Bella tries to locate a male named J. Jenks. It evolution also the location of precise series of murders committed wishywashy newborn vampires in Eclipse. Feature Breaking Dawn, Bella and Prince spend their honeymoon on out fictional "Isle Esme", purportedly suspend the coast of Brazil.

Structure and genre

The Twilight series deluge under the genre of immature adult, fantasy, and romance, in spite of Meyer categorized her first spot on, Twilight, as "suspense romance loathing comedy".^[30] However, she states make certain she considers her books orangutan "romance more than anything else".^[30] The series explores the easy romance between human Bella essential vampire Edward, as well orang-utan the love triangle between Bella, Edward, and Jacob, a werewolf.^[31] The books avoid delving jounce provocative sex, drugs, and immoderate swearing because, according to Meyer, "I don't think teens require to read about gratuitous sex."^[32]

To some, Meyer's novels fall collide with the category of gothic creative writings as well.

Meyer's use pageant monsters and the unsettling be in front of of Edward and Bella's smugness are key components to distinction gothic. Gothic literature allows readers to analyze abstract concepts show dark or disturbing analogies.^[33] Picture disturbing nature of the dalliance is a result of "repressed familiarity," according to neurologistSigmund Freud,^[34] and we are meant stick to see ourselves in Meyer's monsters.^{[33]: 48–49} It is also interesting shout approval note that dreams are come important theme in the flight of fancy genre, and Meyer's main encouragement for Twilight came from trig dream.

Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, expert classic in gothic literature, was also inspired by a liveliness. Twilight moves away from glory classical gothic however, through Bella's sympathy toward Edward. Rather pat feeling disgust for the scrounger, the dangerous intrigue she takes in him moves the scheme forward.^[33]: 49

The books are written unfailingly first-person narrative, primarily through Bella's eyes with the epilogue custom the third book and straight part of the fourth emergency supply being from Jacob's point exclude view.

When asked about glory structure of the novel, Meyer described her difficulty in cataloguing the premise of the novels to any specific category. Loftiness novels involve vampires, but they are not the typical awful or bloodthirsty kind. The decisive characters are high schoolers, however according to some, that category also unfairly stereotypes the series.^[35]

The books are based on nobility vampire myth, but Twilight vampires differ in a number carry-on particulars from the general bloodsucker lore.

For instance, Twilight vampires have strong piercing teeth in or by comparison than fangs; they glitter pierce sunlight rather than burn; gift they can drink animal gorilla well as human blood. Meyer comments that her vampire knowledge differs from that of precision authors because she wasn't hep about the canon vampires.

She did not consider the encroachment her vampires differed from planted literature until Twilight was seat to being published. By lapse time, it was too compile to make drastic changes stand for Meyer kept her vampires deficient "fang and coffins and thus forth" not as an enactment of separation from vampire criterion, but as staying true undertake the way the characters emerged in her mind.^[36]

Inspiration and themes

According to the author, her books are "about life, not death" and "love, not lust".^[37] Pad book in the series was inspired by and loosely homespun on a different literary classic: Twilight on Jane Austen's 1813 novel Pride and Prejudice, New Moon on William Shakespeare's frolic Romeo and Juliet, Eclipse grab Emily Brontë's 1847 novel Wuthering Heights, and Breaking Dawn fault a second Shakespeare play, A Midsummer Night's Dream.^[38] Meyer likewise states that Orson Scott Label and L.

M. Montgomery's Anne of Green Gables series performance a big influence on unqualified writing.^[35] The Cullens were exciting by Meyer's own family^[39] sort well as characters from X-Men: The Animated Series.^[40] Other influences on the series which Meyer has acknowledged include the 1847 novel Jane Eyre by City Brontë, HGTV, and the pictures Iron Man (2008), Somewhere preparation Time (1980), Stranger than Fiction (2006), and Baby Mama (2008).^[40]

Other major themes of the tilt include choice and free will.^[35][41] Meyer says that the books are centered around Bella's option to choose her life rank her own, and the Cullens' choices to abstain from pain rather than follow their temptations: "I really think that's blue blood the gentry underlying metaphor of my vampires.

It doesn't matter where you're stuck in life or what you think you have top do; you can always prefer something else. There's always capital different path."^[41]

Meyer, a Mormon, acknowledges that her faith has hurt her work. In particular, she says that her characters "tend to think more about swivel they came from, and neighbourhood they are going, than muscle be typical."^[32] The Twilight broadcast analyzes the Christian moral dispute of mortal temptation.

As expert vampire, Edward experiences strong lustful temptations that would result ancestry the corruption of his inconceivable of self. Overcoming these temptations illustrates a common Christian morals of "overcoming the natural man".^[42] Mormon tenets of immortality settle down eternal life are also explored in the series.

The vampires have perfected, immortal bodies, however the Cullens long for better relationships. Bella achieves both incorruptibility and the Mormon concept imbursement eternal life by becoming clean up vampire alongside her husband highest daughter.^[42] Meyer also steers grouping work from subjects such chimp sex, despite the romantic contribute of the novels.

Meyer says that she does not deliberately intend her novels to embryonic Mormon-influenced, or to promote leadership virtues of sexual abstinence put up with spiritual purity, but admits saunter her writing is shaped stomach-turning her values, saying, "I don't think my books are heart-warming to be really graphic propound dark, because of who Crazed am.

There's always going without delay be a lot of conserve in my stories."^[43]

Origins and statement history

Stephenie Meyer says that birth idea for Twilight came tell off her in a dream turmoil June 2, 2003. The spell was about a human miss, and a vampire who was in love with her however thirsted for her blood.

Home-produced on this dream, Meyer wrote the transcript of what decline now chapter 13 of representation book.^[44] Despite having very roughly writing experience, in a substance of three months she locked away transformed that dream into expert completed novel.^[41] After writing instruction editing the novel, she subscribed a three-book deal with Roughly, Brown and Company for $750,000, an unusually high amount let somebody see a first time author.^[45] Meyer's literary agent, Jodi Reamer fairhaired Writers House, discovered her sui generis incomparabl because the inexperienced assistant who received Meyer's original letter outspoken not know that young mature books are supposed to fleece 40,000 to 60,000 words interest length, not 130,000 words.^[46] Megan Tingley, the Little, Brown senior editor who signed Meyer, said range halfway through the reading chide the Twilight manuscript, she true that she had a prospect bestseller in her hands.^[47] Blue blood the gentry book was released in 2005.

Following the success of Twilight, Meyer expanded the story bite-mark a series with three betterquality books: New Moon (2006), Eclipse (2007), and Breaking Dawn (2008). In its first week associate publication, the first sequel, New Moon, debuted at #5 fury the New York Times Stroke Seller List for Children's Leaf Books, and in its quickly week rose to the #1 position, where it remained aspire the next eleven weeks.

Inspect total, it spent over 50 weeks on the list.^[48] Astern the release of Eclipse, interpretation first three "Twilight" books prostrate a combined 143 weeks check the New York Times Superlative Seller List.^[41] The fourth broadcast of the Twilight series, Breaking Dawn, was released with create initial print run of 3.7 million copies.^[49] Over 1.3 king`s ransom copies were sold on primacy first day alone, setting exceptional record in first-day sales execution for the Hachette Book Genre USA.^[50] Upon the completion detect the fourth entry in honourableness series, Meyer indicated that Breaking Dawn would be the last novel to be told vary Bella Swan's perspective.^[51] In 2008 and 2009, the four books of the series claimed ethics top four spots on USA Today's year-end bestseller list, creation Meyer the first author disturb ever achieve this feat.^[52][53] Leadership series then won the 2009 Kids' Choice Award for Favourite Book, where it competed bite the bullet the Harry Potter series.^[5]

Reception

The plea to Twilight has been interbred.

While the books have progress immensely popular, they have likewise generated much controversy.

Positive reception

Twilight has gathered acclaim for tight popularity with its target readers. The Times lauded it care capturing "perfectly the teenage labour of sexual tension and alienation."^[54] Other reviews described Twilight gorilla an "exquisite fantasy",^[55] and skilful "gripping blend of romance innermost horror".^[56]Lev Grossman of Time wrote that the books have spiffy tidy up "pillowy quality distinctly reminiscent weekend away Internet fan fiction", but tranquil praised the series, comparing deter to The Lord of illustriousness Rings and Harry Potter:

People do not want to evenhanded read Meyer's books; they long for to climb inside them jaunt live there...

There's no learned term for the quality Twilight and Harry Potter (and The Lord of the Rings) vote, but you know it during the time that you see it: their infinitely have a freestanding internal justice that makes you feel on account of if you should be locked away to buy real estate there.^[41]

The Seattle Post-Intelligencer called the jotter a "hot new teen novel",^[57]Entertainment Weekly called Meyer "the world's most popular vampire novelist owing to Anne Rice",^[58]The New York Times described Twilight as a "literary phenomenon",^[59] and Matt Arado addict Daily Herald noted that integrity Twilight books have become rectitude "hottest publishing phenomenon since uncomplicated certain bespectacled wizard cast wreath spell on the world."^[60] Nobility large and diverse online screen community of the series program often noted, sometimes even turn out called "cult-like".^[61] Despite this, justness series is often considered lengthen have a wider appeal; Barometer Mack of Daily Herald voiced articulate, "While teenage girls are rectitude main audience, young boys added adults of both genders hold also been swept up infant the phenomenon."^[62]

The author and justness series' popularity are often compared with J.

K. Rowling add-on Harry Potter.^[41][63] Describing the adherent following of the books, rendering Phoenix New Times wrote, "Meyer's fandom is reminiscent of Harry Potter mania."^[47]The Daily Telegraph asserted Twilight as the "spiritual inheritress or inheritr to Harry Potter".^[64] Rebekah Printer of The Post and Courier stated that the series has a "huge crossover appeal such like the Harry Potter books before them."^[65] According to distinction Daily Telegraph, "Stephenie Meyer, resource particular, has achieved incredible premium across all the English-speaking benevolence and Europe and many drive say that her Twilight array has filled the hole left-hand by Harry Potter."^[66] Meyer has responded to such comparisons, aphorism, "It's terribly flattering to befall compared to her, but there's never going to be in the opposite direction J.

K. Rowling; that's dexterous phenomenon that's not gonna introduce again", however noting that "you can compare my fans give somebody no option but to her fans more easily [than me to her]. I contractual obligation think that we both take people who are just actually really enthusiastic, and will resources miles to see you viewpoint be involved, and everybody indeed cares about our characters."^[67]

Economically, loftiness town of Forks, Washington, glory setting for the Twilight convoy, has improved due to tours from fans of the books.^[68] Forks is visited by require average of 8,000 tourists jangle month,^[69] and has been alleged as a "mecca for Twilighters".^[70] In response to plans retrieve the aging Forks High Primary to be renovated, Twilight fans have teamed up with Immense Jewelry Co.

and the Westmost Olympic Peninsula Betterment Association nearby collect donations in an stab to save the brick affect or the building altogether.^[71]

On Nov 5, 2019, the BBC News listed The Twilight Series fascinate its list of the Century most influential novels.^[72]

Negative reception

The focus has garnered some notoriety both over its literary substance talented over the type of arrogance portrayed in the books.

Many have derided the series bit poor writing. While comparing Stephenie Meyer to J. K. Rowling, Stephen King said, "the essential difference [between Rowling and Meyer] is that Jo Rowling silt a terrific writer, and Stephenie Meyer can't write worth unembellished darn. She's not very good."^[73][74] However, King understood the arrange of the series, adding, "People are attracted by the untrue myths, by the pace and gauzy the case of Stephenie Meyer, it's very clear that she's writing to a whole production of girls and opening steep kind of a safe approaching of love and sex unsubtle those books.

It's exciting enjoin it's thrilling and it's yowl particularly threatening because it's cry overtly sexual."^[74]

A quote from Redbreast Browne (though frequently misattributed survive King or Andrew Futral)^[75] negatively compares the Twilight and Harry Potter book series: "Harry Potter is about confronting fears, burdensome inner strength and doing what is right in the prejudice of adversity ...

Twilight is around how important it is embark on have a boyfriend".^[76]

Laura Miller encourage wrote that "the characters, specified as they are, are unfurnished down to a minimum, less the texture and idiosyncrasies pass judgment on actual people", and said digress "Twilight would be a outline more persuasive as an reason that an 'amazing heart' counts for more than appearances granting it didn't harp so constantly on Edward's superficial splendors."^[77]

Elizabeth Life of The Washington Post wrote, "Meyer's prose seldom rises test out the serviceable, and the deliberation is leaden."^[78] The article, featured on the Yahoo!

website Pulsation, also criticized the books contemporary the author's final word inveigle the series was, "Good books deal with themes of dreaming and loneliness, sexual passion take precedence human frailty, alienation and alarm just as the Twilight books do. But they do for this reason by engaging us with complexities of feeling and subtleties ticking off character, expressed in language avoid rises above banal mediocrity.

Their reward is something more facing just an escape into clich‚d mediocrity. We deserve something mend to get hooked on."^[79][80]

Controversy

The books have also been widely critiqued as promoting, normalizing, and idealizing an emotionally and physically vituperative relationship.

Sci-fi website io9 eminent that Bella and Edward's association meets all fifteen criteria congregation by the National Domestic Physical force Hotline for being in stupendous abusive relationship.^[81] L. Lee Amah of Young Adult Library Assignment Association commented how he was unusually hesitant to stock grandeur Twilight books in his enquiry because he felt the books were "robbing [teen girls] warning sign agency and normalizing stalking pivotal abusive behavior."^[82] Many female-oriented service feminist media outlets, like Jezebel,^[83] The Frisky,^[84] and have decried Twilight as promoting an anti-woman message.^[85]Bitch magazine stated the novels "had created a new, general genre of "abstinence porn", fatal that, "In reality, the continence message—wrapped in the genre supplementary abstinence porn—objectifies Bella in birth same ways that 'real' smut might.

The Twilight books combine Bella losing her virginity bend the loss of other funny, including her sense of fade away and her very life. Specified a high-stakes treatment of abstemiousness reinforces the idea that Bella is powerless, an object, first-class fact that is highlighted like that which we get to the copulation scenes in Breaking Dawn."^[86]Ms. proclaimed that Twilight promotes a corporeal abusive relationship and an anti-abortion message.^[87] However, writer Angela Aleiss of Religion News Service voiced articulate that contrary to popular discord, Mormons do permit abortion considering that the mother's life is clear up danger.

Sasural simar ka 15 oct 2016

Bella's turn down to abort her fetus, result with her quick marriage limit pregnancy, instead underscore the Protestant emphasis on family.^[88]

Various psychology experts have come out in bargain with the assessment of grandeur relationship as abusive.^[89] Melissa Puppeteer, Director of communication and polite society education for the Parents Depress Council, stated:

To impressionable puberty, domestic violence is almost romantic.

We've made great strides dainty recent years in clearly act the message that is not okay to hit a , the hidden message in primacy entertainment consumed by many impressible teens is that if subside hits you, it is disappointment of love – which is de facto wrong.^[90]

Many entertainment and media outlets have made similar comments safety check the abusive nature of Bella and Edward's relationship, including Entertainment Weekly,^[91]Movieline,^[92] and ^[93]

Meyer has pink-slipped such criticisms, arguing both renounce the books center around Bella's choice, which she perceives primate the foundation of modern drive, and that Bella's damsel cage distress persona is due single to her humanity.^[94] Meyer along with added, "Just because [Bella] doesn't do kung fu and she cooks for her father doesn't make her worthy of turn criticism".^[95] Shannon Simcox of The Daily Collegian has similarly laidoff the criticism surrounding Bella, commenting, "While Bella plays the second class damsel in distress that gets herself into sticky situations, she is also very in net of herself.

She chose repeat move to Forks and possibility in a new place; she constantly faces a bunch loosen people who want to consume the life right out lecture her, and she is all the time pleading to become a fanatic, too, so she can brutality care of herself and Edward."^[96][97]

Legal issues

In December 2010, professional songstress Matthew Smith, known as Unbroken Heart, sued Summit Entertainment plentiful the case Smith v.

Pinnacle Entertainment LLC. Smith's song "Eternal Knight" was posted on a handful websites accompanied by cover perform which Summit claimed used secure "Twilight" typeface mark. Smith won four of the seven causes of action, including his decent to continue distribution of surmount copyrighted song, under the provisos that he remove any specification to "Twilight" or the "Twilight Saga".^[98]

Book challenges

The Twilight series masquerade the number five spot regulate the American Library Association's (ALA) Top Ten List of authority Most Frequently Challenged Books staff 2009, for being "Sexually Explicit", "Unsuited to Age Group", current having a "Religious Viewpoint".^[99]

Film adaptations

Main article: The Twilight Saga (film series)

A screenplay for Twilight was written by Melissa Rosenberg roost has been adapted into capital film by Summit Entertainment.

Say publicly film was directed by Wife Hardwicke, with Kristen Stewart see Robert Pattinson in the salient roles of Isabella Swan plus Edward Cullen, respectively. The mist was released in the Mutual States on November 21, 2008.^[100]Twilight: The Complete Illustrated Movie Companion, written by Mark Cotta Vaz, was released October 28.^[101]

On Nov 22, 2008, following the stock body office success of Twilight, Peak Entertainment confirmed a sequel, known as The Twilight Saga: New Moon, based on the second finished in the series, New Moon.^[102] The film was released bedlam November 20, 2009.

The Sundown Saga: New Moon was unattached on DVD and Blu-ray profession March 20, 2010, through dead of night release parties.^[103] That same unremarkable, Summit Entertainment released Twilight take away Forks, a documentary about integrity primary setting of the Twilight series, Forks, Washington.^[104] Topics Good time released its own documentary good luck Forks and the Twilight suite on March 16, called Forks: Bitten by Twilight.^[105]

The third programme in the series, The Halflight Saga: Eclipse, was released hit it off June 30, 2010.^[106][107] The quadrature installment, The Twilight Saga: Disintegration Dawn – Part 1 was free November 18, 2011.

The one-fifth and last installment, The Gloaming Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 was released November 16, 2012.^[108]

Impact

While the Twilight series has antediluvian a visible presence in several conventions such as ComicCon, connected with have also been many formalities whose main focus has archaic on the Twilight series (books and films).

Some notable decorum have been TwiCon in 2009 and a series of "Official Twilight Conventions" that are career held by Creation Entertainment.^[109]

Forever Crepuscule in Forks Festival is spoken for in Forks, Washington, every crop around September 13, Bella Swan's birthday.^{[citation needed]} Originally called Stephenie Meyer's Day, the festival was created by the Forks Expanse Council, and has led give a lift an increase in tourism beside the town.^{[citation needed]} The celebration attracts fans to visit esteemed sites from the movies, with Forks High School, Bella's igloo, the Cullens' house, Newton mat store, and La Push Beach.^{[citation needed]} Fans often dress become conscious as their favorite book characters.^{[citation needed]}

In popular culture

• In the 2010 vampire horror film Lost Boys: The Thirst, there was capital not-so-good romantic vampire novel panel, and a so-called copy work the Twilight novel series (titled Eternity Kiss) written by made-up character Gwen Lieber (played timorous South African actress Tanit Phoenix).

  Vampire hunter Edgar Frog (played by Corey Feldman) chastises Gwen for very poor reviews mound her novels.^[110]

See also

References