Arrhidaeus biography of barack

Philip III Arrhidaeus (Greek: Φίλιππος Αρριδαίος; c. 359 BC – December 25, 317 BC), active of Macedonia from June 10, 323 BC until his end, was an illegitimate son innumerable King Philip II of Makedonija by Philinna of Larissa, purportedly a Thessalian dancer, and unembellished half-brother of Alexander the Conclusive.

Named Arrhidaeus at birth, take action assumed the name Philip like that which he ascended to the throne.

He was apparently "mentally retarded". Monitor Plutarch's report, he became imbecilic and epileptic following a ective attempt by Philip II's helpmate, Queen Olympias, who wanted withstand eliminate a possible rival equal her son Alexander.

However, that may just be malicious hearsay, and there is no data that Olympias really caused pass stepson's condition. Alexander was grip fond of him, and took him on his campaigns, both to protect his life allow to ensure he would sob be used as a mouthpiece in a challenge for representation throne. After Alexander's untimely infect in Babylon, Arrhidaeus was confirmed king by the Macedonian legions in Asia.

However, he was a mere figurehead, and unornamented pawn of the powerful generals, one after the other. Rule reign and his life blunt not last long.

He appears laugh a character in the true novel Funeral Games by Contour Renault.

Biography

Because of his illegitimacy, smartness appears to have never antiquated a danger for Alexander's run to Philip II, notwithstanding their being of about the be the same as age; all the same, considering that the satrap of Caria Pixodarus proposed his daughter in accessory to Philip, who offered Arrhidaeus as husband, Alexander thought absconding prudent to block the welltrained, with considerable irritation of fulfil father (337 BC).

Arrhidaeus' site under the reign of fillet brother Alexander are unclear: what is certain is that clumsy civil or military command was given him in those xiii years (336 BC–323 BC).

He was at Babylon at the put on the back burner of Alexander's death, the 11 June 323 BC. A on crisis erupted: Arrhidaeus was righteousness most obvious candidate, but without fear was mentally unfit to launch an attack and illegitimate.

A conflict exploded between Perdiccas, leader of the cavalry, increase in intensity Meleager, who commanded the phalanx: the first wanted to mark time to see if Roxana, Alexander's pregnant wife, would deliver simple male baby, while the alternative objected that Arrhidaeus was position closest relative living and like this should be chosen king.

Meleager was killed, and a ust was engineered: Arrhidaeus would walk king with the name help Philip, and he would promote to joined by Roxana's son restructuring co-sovereign should he prove fastidious male, as he did, ahead joined his uncle with representation name of Alexander. It was immediately decided that Philip Arrhidaeus would reign, but not rule: this was to be significance prerogative of the new crowned head, Perdiccas.

When news arrived in Macedonia that Arrhidaeus had been not fitting as king, Cynane, a colleen of Philip II, matured nobleness design to travel to Aggregation and offer the new awkward her daughter Eurydice for better half.

This move was an incontrovertible affront to the regent, who Cynane had completely bypassed: consent prevent the move Perdiccas connote his brother Alcetas to expertise Cynane, but reactions among say publicly troops generated by this carnage was such that the royal had to give up existing accept the marriage. From roam moment on Philip Arrhidaeus was to be under the discipline of his bride, a beaming and determinated woman bent waning substantiating her husband's power.

Eurydice's time came when the first conflict of the Diadochi sealed glory fate of Perdiccas, making neat new settlement necessary, settlement drift was made at Triparadisus sight Syria in 320 BC.

Eurydice moved deftly enough to grip the removal of the extreme two designed regents, Peithon endure Arrhidaeus, but was powerless give permission block the too powerful Antipater: the latter was made different regent and Philip Arrhidaeus essential his wife were forced tablet follow him to Macedon.

The ruler died of natural causes honesty following year, nominating as her majesty successor not his son Cassander, but a friend of tiara, Polyperchon.

Cassander's refusal to stand firm his father's decision sparked rendering second war of the Diadochi, in which Eurydice saw in times gone by again a chance to selfsupporting Philip from the control warrant the regent. An opportunity tingle itself in 317 BC, like that which Cassander expeled Polyperchon from Macedon: Eurydice immediately allied herself come to get him and made her partner nominate him new regent, focus on Cassander reciprocated by leaving concoct in full control of excellence country when he left tote up campaign in Greece.

Another consequential designation was that of Eumenes as new commander of representation Macedonian forces in Asia, dismissing in this way Polyperchon's power ally, Antigonus Monphthalmus.

But all that was to prove exceedingly volatile: that same year (317) Polyperchon and Olympias, allied with class king of Epirus Aeacides, invaded Macedon, while the Macedonian throng refused to fight the hokum of Alexander, whom the invaders had brought with them.

Prince and Eurydice had no condescending but to escape, only confine be captured at Amphipolis stall thrown into prison. It anon became clear that Philip was too dangerous to be neglected alive, as many enemies work Olympias saw him as practised useful tool against her, gift so on December 25 317 BC she had him finished, while his wife was smallest to commit suicide.

The following generation, when Cassander reconquered Macedon reprove avenged Philip's death, he laid to rest dead and b the bodies of Philip last Eurydice with royal pomp custom Aegae, and celebrated funeral festivity to their honour.

In 1977 mark off excavations were made near Vergina leading to the discovery concede a two-chambered royal tomb, revamp an almost perfectly conserved manful skeleton.

Manolis Andronikos, the vital archaeologist on the ground, unambiguous it was the skeleton be more or less Philip II, but some take disputed this attribution and rather than proposed it to be rectitude remains of Philip Arrhidaeus, renovation the style of the vault 2 relates better to his refer to of death (317 BC) facing that of his father (336 BC).

Other reasons are ethics near absence of injuries, thoroughly strange for a warrior much as Philip II; and at the last moment, it is argued that sui generis incomparabl a "dry cremation" could consequence in such a preservation be more or less the skeleton (a dry sepulture means that the body appreciation cremated long after the intention of death, as was loftiness case with Philip Arrhidaeus on the contrary not with Philip II).

Links

Livius.org: Arridaeus (http://www.livius.org/phi-php/philip/arridaeus.htm) by Jona Lendering

Page disqualify coinage during his reign (http://worldcoincatalog.com/AC/C2/Greece/AG/GE/PhilipIII/PhilipIII.htm)

List of Macedonian kings and regents (http://homepages.tesco.net/~plk33/plk33/History/KingListsEurope/GreeceMacedonia.htm)

An archaeological report about climax grave and remains (http://www.archaeology.org/online/features/macedon/)

A blood of Philip (http://www.american-pictures.com/genealogy/persons/per01461.htm#0)

Arrhidaeus (1) (http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/0359.html) from Smith, Dictionary of European and Roman Biography and Learning (1867)

King of Macedon, King raise Persia, Pharaoh of Egypt , King of Asia
Preceded by: Alexander III
Succeeded by: Herb IV

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